“Hobbes and the Modern Mind. An Introduction. By Marjorie Grene. London. Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1969. Pages 1-28.

Some people agree with Francis Crick (1916-2004) and assert that every man is a machine. Crick writes, “It is important that science in general, and natural selection in particular, should become the basis on which we are to build the new culture” (1). On the contrary, other people agree with Walter Heitler (1904-1981) and state that every man is created in the image of God.

Christopher Columbus, Mariner. By Samuel Elliot Morison. New York. New American Library. 1955. 160p.

Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) was an excellent mariner. But was he one of the best? According to Samuel E. Morison, Columbus was “one of the greatest mariners, if not the greatest, of all time” (vi).  The “Discoverer” (9) and “Admiral” (27) made four voyages to America, “each of which was sufficient to place him in the first rank of the world’s navigators” (70).

Sisters in Crisis. The Tragic Unraveling of Women's Religious Communities. By Ann Carey. Huntington, Indiana. 1997. 367pp.

The question is whether some Catholic sisters failed to connect personal freedom and Church doctrine? I accept this question, since the result is very sad and many innocent and orthodox sisters are really suffering.

The final cause of preferring personal freedom over Church doctrine is the desire for independence. Carey writes, “The Leadership Conference of Women Religious emerged as a new entity asserting independence from Rome and openly challenging the Church in many areas” (p. 88).

Does "Traditionis Custodes" Pass the Juridical Rationality Test? By Fr. Reginald Marie Rivoire, F.S.V.F. Lincoln, NE. Os Justi Press. 2022. 97 pp.

Whether the documents entitled “Traditionis Custodis” (TC, published 20210716) and “Responsa ad Dubia” (RaD, published 20211118) are deceptive? I consent to this question, since I felt confused while studying both documents and discovered deceptive arguments in both of them. According to Dominican father Reginald-Marie Rivoire, F.S.V.F., “The normative apparatus introduced by TC and the Responsa appears defective” (p. 81).

Chronicles of the Crusades. Elizabeth Hallam, editor. New York. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 1989. 400 pp.

The question is whether every Catholic knight is inspired by heaven? I consent to investigate this question, since I wish to learn more about the foundation of Western Civilization.

Logical Analysis

Every Catholic knight has two final causes: to work “for the salvation of his soul and for the liberation of the Church” (p. 63). In 1119 Walter, a secretary for Roger of Salerno,

The Life of St. Agnes of Montepulciano. The Saints and Servants of God. By the Congregation of the Oratory of St. Philip Neri. London. 1852. Pages 167-281.

Someone needs to tell the story about St. Agnes. I shall do so here. St. Agnes was noble and heroic. Her goal was to love the Lord as much as possible. Her true happiness was “to devote herself to study and to know the sovereign truths.” And her love “inflames and makes happy the inhabitants of heaven.” She modeled the expression of St. Paul who wrote, “Vivo autem, jam non ego: vivit vero in me Christus.” – “I live, now not I, but truly Christ lives in me.” (Page 281, 237, 243; Galatians 2:20)

God's Battalions. The Case for the Crusades. By Rodney Stark. New York. HarperCollins. 2009. 276 pp.

The question is whether the Catholic crusaders were “the best and the brightest of their time” (p. 139)? I accept this question, because I enjoy learning about the technology and the bravery of the crusaders.

The final cause of the crusaders was “to see and preserve the Holy Land” (p. 238). Rodney Start writes, “The Templars remained focused on their basic mission to defend the Holy Land” (p. 18). Crusaders wanted to prevent the destruction of the monuments to the Lord, such as His birth place and the place of His resurrection, and wanted to protect the pilgrims who wish to visit the monuments to the Lord. Sadly, neither the monuments nor the visitors were safe. In 1120